Vietnam's tangible cultural heritages recognized by UNESCO

With a rich culture and history of thousands of years, our country has preserved many unique heritages, including 6 tangible cultural heritages of which Vietnam is proud to be recognized by UNESCO as world cultural heritages.

1.Imperial Citadel of Thang Long

Thang Long Imperial Citadel is a complex of historical and cultural relics built in the Dai Co Viet Dynasty (1010) when King Ly Thai To moved the capital from Hoa Lu to Thang Long. The Imperial Citadel consists of three main components: the imperial citadel (outer citadel), the imperial citadel (inner citadel) and the forbidden city. This was the residence and working place of the feudal court through many periods from Dai Viet, Dai Ngu, Tran, Hau Le, Mac, Trinh, Nguyen, and the French colonial period.

Up to now, Thang Long Imperial Citadel has experienced more than 1000 years of history with many events, wars and political changes, but traces of the past remain with important relics.

Thang Long Imperial Citadel is not only a historical relic, but also a place containing many cultural, spiritual, religious and artistic values. In 2010, the Imperial Citadel of Thang Long became a Vietnamese tangible cultural heritage recognized by UNESCO as a world heritage site.

Read more: Discover Vietnam through 2 world cultural heritages - Imperial Citadel of Thang Long and Hue Ancient Capital

2. Citadel of the Ho Dynasty

Ho Dynasty citadel, or Tay Do citadel, is a unique heritage built in the 14th century, during the reign of King Ho Quy Ly. The citadel of the Ho Dynasty is a breakthrough phenomenon in mining, manufacturing and construction techniques with the main raw material being large rocks. Not the only building with stone architecture, but the Ho citadel is still an "unprecedented" proof of unique construction techniques.

According to history books in the citadel, many buildings were built, such as Hoang Nguyen Palace, Dien Tho Palace (Ho Quy Ly's residence), Eastern Palace, Western Thai Temple, Eastern Thai Temple, Tho Ky Mountain, Duc Tuong... unlike the capital Thang Long. However, at present, most of the architecture inside the imperial citadel has been destroyed, but the 4 walls are still relatively intact with the original architecture, with 4 main gates: South, North, East and West.

After more than 600 years of existence, on June 27, 2011, at the 35th session of the World Heritage Committee, the Ho Dynasty citadel relic was recognized as a world cultural heritage.

3. My Son Sanctuary

My Son Sanctuary is a Vietnamese tangible cultural heritage recognized by UNESCO as a world heritage located in Duy Xuyen district, Quang Nam province. This is one of the largest cultural heritage complexes in Southeast Asia, built between the 4th and 13th centuries during the Champa kingdom.

My Son is an important religious center of the Kingdom of Champa, where religious ceremonies are held and the burial place of kings. This heritage site includes more than 70 temples, shrines, screens and other auxiliary works. The works are mainly built of limestone with sophisticated motifs showing the development of Champa sculpture art.

Read more: Discover Ancient My Son Sanctuary through Vietnam and Cambodia Tours

3. Hoi An

Hoi An Ancient Town is a tangible cultural heritage of Vietnam that was recognized by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage in 1999. Hoi An used to be a busy trading port from the 15th to the 19th century, a place of trade and transportation. Traders from many countries around the world such as Japan, China, Portugal, the Netherlands, England... Up to now, the old town still retains its quiet and peaceful beauty with small streets, old houses, shops and handicraft shops.

Read more: Hoi An Travel Experience Handbook 2023 

4. Complex of Hue Monuments

The complex of relics of the ancient capital of Hue was recognized by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage in 1993. This was the capital of Vietnam during the period from 1802 to 1945 during the reign of the Nguyen kings. The ancient capital of Hue includes more than 140 facilities, including palaces, tombs, pagodas, and other structures. Some outstanding works such as Hue Imperial Citadel (including the Imperial Citadel, Imperial Citadel and Forbidden Citadel), royal tombs and ancient temples.

    

Read more: Discover Hue in 2023: How Much to Pay for Popular Sights

5. Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex

Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex is located in Hoa Lu district, is a unique heritage complex including cultural and natural heritage, recognized by UNESCO as a mixed world heritage in 2014. Trang An is well known. with the poetic beauty of majestic mountains, a system of water caves, shallow caves, ancient temples, pagodas and tombs. Over thousands of years, nature has created Trang An unspoiled beauty, extremely poetic and mysterious.

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